Firefighters exposed to these PFAS-containing formulations face an elevated risk of kidney and testicular cancers.
Military bases
Michigan is home to several military installations where Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting units historically used AFFF during aircraft emergencies, fuel-fire response, and training, including:
- Selfridge Air National Guard Base
- Camp Grayling Joint Maneuver Training Center
- Alpena Combat Readiness Training Center
- Battle Creek Air National Guard Base
- Detroit Arsenal
- Naval Support Activity Detroit
Airports
Serving as gateways for Michigan's automotive and manufacturing economy, the state's busiest airports maintained ARFF crews certified under NFPA 1003 standards. Aircraft fuel fire training and response occurred at:
- Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County
- Gerald R. Ford International
- Bishop International
- Capital Region International
- Cherry Capital
- Kalamazoo/Battle Creek International
- Pellston Regional
- MBS International
Volunteer fire departments
Michigan has approximately 1,029 fire departments serving communities statewide, many relying on volunteer or paid-on-call firefighters. These crews encountered AFFF while responding to highway tanker crashes, fuel storage fires, industrial fires, and marina fuel fires near airports and manufacturing facilities.
Fire training facilities
The Michigan Firefighters Training Division oversees education and certification for roughly 34,500 firefighters statewide. Oakland Fire Academy, Northwest Regional Fire Training Center, and the Detroit Fire Department Training Division all conduct live-fire scenarios, burn-building exercises, and rescue training that have historically involved Class B firefighting foam.