Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) is one of the most specialized roles in the firefighting field. Firefighters typically need around 3 years of experience before attempting to obtain an Airport Firefighter certification. Many airport firefighters encounter toxic cancer-causing chemicals called per- and polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) substances when using AFFF, which until recently had been the standard agent for extinguishing Class B fires. If you worked as an airport firefighter, you may have documented exposure to AFFF in any of the following duties or activities:
- Live fire exercises involving Class B fire
- Fire drills or community-based activities and events
- Inspection and maintenance of contaminated AFFF equipment
- Using extinguishing agents and ARFF apparatus for fire suppression, including ARFF vehicles with AFFF (or traces of PFAS from AFFF)
Many airport firefighters are still exposed to AFFF, or traces of toxic chemicals from it, even after calls to stop AFFF use. The New Lede reports that only four (4) out of the 30 contaminated airports in California have shifted to a PFAS-free alternative by 2024. Twenty-two (22) airports were still using AFFF or were still in the process of phasing it out.
In airports that have already transitioned to fluorine-free foam, traces of PFAS from past AFFF stocks may still be present. When AFFF is introduced to the foam tank, it can also contaminate the entire suppression system, including accessories like valves, filling ports, pipes, and other components. In some cases, the chemicals in AFFF may also contaminate the water tank. As most airports are still struggling with a clean transition to fluorine-free alternatives, airport firefighters continue to face health risks associated with chemicals in AFFF, the worst being the development of cancer.
Relevant job titles
- Airport Crash Rescue Firefighter
- Airport Rescue Firefighter
- Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) Personnel
- Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) Specialist I
- Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) Specialist I